Objectives of Spanish Colonization

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Gov. General Manuel Bustamante – murdered by friars because of the discovery of anomalies in the institution.

Designated to be planted with tobacco

- Cagayan Valley

- Nueva Ecija

- Marinduque

- Isabela

Gov. Gen. Jose Basco Y Vargas – established tobacco monopoly in 1781, abolished 1881

Real Compania de Filipinas( Royal Co. of Phil) – established March 10, 1785 by Basco to encourage direct trade bet. Asian countries ans Spain

Economic Stagnation

- Due to restrictive impositions of Spaniards

- Depopulation of Filipinos

- System of taxation

Fr. Pedro Chirino & Antonio de Morga – attested that pre- Spanish Phil had a flourishing trade & industry

Propagation of Roman Catholicism

Religious Orders

- Augustinians(1565)

- Franciscans (1577)

- Jesuits (1581)

- Dominicans (1587)

- Recollects(1606)

Reduccion – process of pacification through conversion

Cabecera – concentrated settlements into which were grouped the brgys

Visita – secondary settlement of sitio

Remontados – natives who have retreated into the mountains, to escape reduccion

The Union of Church and State

King Ferdinand of Spain - received as a reward from Pope, Patronato Real( royal patronage)

Results of Spanish Colonization

Religious Results:

Roman Catholicism – greatest legacy to Filipinos

Early missionaries produced:

- Lexicographies of native dialect

- Prayer books

- Novenas

Doctrina Christiana en Lengua Espanola y Tagala – first published book by Dominicans

Arte y Reglas La Lengua Tagala – first printed tagalong grammar book

Social Results:

- Spanish Surnames( Claveria Decree)

- Fiesta – social/religious event honoring the feast day of a patron saint

- Spaniards language/words

- Cockfighting

- Horse racing

- Lottery

- Bullfights

- Card games( Tres siete, juego de prenda, panguinque)

Education

Educational Decree of 1863 – provided for the establishment of one school for boys and one for girls

Obscurantism – general policy vis-à-vis the education of Filipinos

Universities established:

- UST (1611)

- San Juan de Letran(1630)

- Colegio de Sta Isabel(1632)

- Colegio de San Ignacio(1589) – Jesuit operated

- Colegio de Sta Potenciana(1589)

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Characteristics of Educational system

- Friar control of the educational system

- Absence of systematic gov’n supervision of the schools

- Neglect of primary educ.

- Obsolete teaching methods(rote method)

- Poor classroom facilities

Literature during Spanish Period

Religious topics:

- Corridos

- Moro- moro

- Passion