Human Sexuality

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Similarly, China also experienced philosophy with Confucius. Like Socrates, he wrote nothing, but like Plato, he held that, "moral and political life are one" in that "human beings must obey a moral order." They also had concerns with justice, as one asked, "What is justice?" The other gave moral advice that, "A gentleman seeks justice."

Hellenistic Schools of Thought/Philosophy

Skepticism/Skeptics: denied the possibility of knowing anything with certainty, they argued for the suspension of all intellectual judgment. –think on this!

Cynicism/Cynics: held that spiritual satisfaction was only possible if one renounced societal values, conventions, and material wealth. -Gnosis?

Epicureanism/Epicureans: happiness depended on avoiding all forms of physical excess; valued plain living and the perfect union of body and mind. Gods played no part in human life and death was nothing more than the rearrangement of atoms of which the body & all of nature consisted.

Stoicism/Stoics: tranquility of mind in a doctrine of detachment allowing them to accept even the worst of life’s circumstances. Their aim was to bring the person’s will into complete harmony with the will of nature, which they believed was governed by an impersonal intelligence and they advanced the notion of universal equality.

Greek Art: encompassed humanism, realism, and idealism

Painting: wall painting and statue painting have all but disappeared, ceramic vases remain

Geometric period: flat, angular figures and complex geometric patterns.

Archaic period: figures painted in black or brown on clay background, scenes from mythology, literature, and everyday life

Classical period: clay colored figures that are more lifelike on black background, realism and idealism were employed

Sculpture: a continuing progress of realism & idealism as transitioning from static forms like the Egyptians –left foot forward.

Archaic period: figures are similar to Egypt/Mesopotamia – block-like, rigidly posed nudes with weight equally distributed on both feet

Classical period: figures are more lifelike, greater detail, contrapposto stance (greater weight on left leg), nude males, and clothed females

Relief Sculpture: carved off of the walls. Ex. Frieze of Parthenon - goddesses

Architecture: served the living not the dead and for the divine & the mortal

Classical period: post and lintel use, theaters and temples functioned as public meeting places, temples also had painted portions (sculptures). Parthenon is one of the most famous which was initiated by Pericles

Capitals: the top portion of the column & still exist today across the world

Doric: 1st order, from the mainland, first and simplest, 2 flat discs on top of each other. Federal Hall building –we are strong/serious about $

Ionic: 2nd order, from Asia Minor & Aegean Islands, two downward scrolls sowing increase in intelligence. U.S. Treasury building –we are intelligent about $

Corinthian: 3rd order, most decorated with acanthus leaves to show glory. Supreme Court –we are glorious about the law

Greek Music & Dance: we don’t have much left for us, but we know they used stringed, wind, and percussion instruments –harp, lyre, aulos flutes, & tambourines, castanets, bells, drums – though it is 2nd Century A.D./C.E. the instruments still apply https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xBZDHIjZloQ

Brief History

Hellenic, Golden Age, Hellenism, then Rome takes over and uses Greeks to educate their young men/boys. Greece burst forth after beating the conquering Persians that came and suppressed them. Peloponnesian Wars: Greek civil war between Athens & Sparta w/others. Athens got a big head and took all of the Greek money from the Delian League’s defense fund –thank you Pericles for being a gold digga! However, Sparta showed Athens that the bigger they come, the harder they fall. Later, Aristotle’s student, Alexander becomes Great conquering the largest amount of territory ever up to that time – p.59.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=znTLzRJimeY Troy (2004) Official Trailer

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pd0bqLQrtdE Red Cliff @ :36 river boats

@ 59:45 to Ep. 1, 1:03:47 & 2:13:45 – 2:16:18 Fire for Nike

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SQQXV07pD7k In Search of the Trojan War