Baggage reconciliation systems
Autor: Essays.club • June 28, 2017 • Case Study • 654 Words (3 Pages) • 1,424 Views
Baggage Reconciliation Systems (BRS) Background:
According to the rules of most air transportation authorities, such as the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration and the European Union's Joint Aviation Authorities, in the event that a passenger flying internationally with checked‐in baggage fails to arrive at the departure gate before the flight is closed, that person's baggage must be retrieved from the aircraft hold before the flight is permitted to take off. Making sure passengers board flights onto which they have checked baggage is called "passenger‐baggage reconciliation" and is accomplished automatically through various commercially available systems. The security presumption of passenger‐baggage reconciliation is that the majority of bombers will not want to kill themselves, and will not board an aircraft if they have caused a bomb to be placed in its hold.
Furthermore any bag that is destined to be loaded onto a particular flight must first be scanned and checked before loading to ensure that there is record of that bag being checked‐in at the check‐in counter. If no record is found the bag will be prevented from being put into a loading container before then going through a secondary (manual) procedure of checking/reconciliation. If that process also fails the bag will not be loaded onto the plane. Every bag loaded must be shown to be associated to a passenger. Unaccompanied baggage in the past has led to the downing of two flights, when a bomb inside the bags exploded:
• 1985: Air India Flight 182 • 1988: Pan Am Flight 103
Note: The information above is from Wikipedia.
System Description: A Baggage Reconciliation System (BRS) is used at airports to ensure that the passenger count and bag count for any given flight matches. As passengers Check‐In, the airline Departure Control System (DCS) generates messages called Baggage Source Messages (BSMs), these messages are subsequently used by the airport’s Baggage Handling System (BHS) and the BRS. The BHS uses the BSMs for sorting bags to the different collection points (or Make‐Up Units) for departing flights. The BRS uses BSMs for reconciling departing passengers and the bags that are being loaded onto their departing flight. A typical BRS works as follows:‐ A passenger checks‐In for a flight, at the check‐in counter where the airline staff or their handling agent prints a boarding pass and a bag tag. The bag tag is attached to the bag and the boarding pass is given to the passenger. At the same time that the bag tag and boarding pass are printed, a BSM is generated for that passenger. The generation of the data for the printing of Bag Tags & Boarding Passes, including the production of BSMs is all performed by the Departure Control System (DCS) [Note: A BSM will contain information such as passenger name, flight number identifier, destination, transfer information, onward information, bag tag detail, class etc. Although a unique BSM is generated for each passenger, several items of baggage may be associated to a single BSM].
Once a BSM has been generated by a DCS, it is then sent to a central messaging system such as SITA BagMessage or ARINC BagLink which in turn will forward it onto the BRS and BHS at the airport where the baggage was originally checked in. Centralized messaging systems such SITA’s and ARINC’s avoid having to implement multiple interfaces locally into the BRS and BHS. Imagine, if every airline DCS needed to be directly interfaced to an airport’s BRS and BHS, it would create a nightmare especially in high capacity airports were a large number of airlines operate. A centralized messaging system (e.g. SITA’s BagMessage or Arinc’s BagLink) is basically a ‘store’ and ‘forward’ service which offers a high degree of resilience and reliability. In the event of a network connection failure, the centralized message system will buffer all received BSMs so that they can be re‐sent once the network connection is restored. The entire process of sending a BSM from a DCS to the BRS and BHS via a centralized messaging service under normal operating conditions takes milliseconds to perform. On receipt of BSMs, the BRS will store each in its database so that they can be subsequently retrieved and used for processing as part of the BRS functionalities as and when required. Typically, the BRS is composed of the following elements; Application Servers, Web Servers, Operator Workstations, Printers, Wireless Scanners, Network Access Points, and a BRS Network. Application Servers – The Application Server is where the actual application software resides, normally for resiliency a primary and backup server are used. Additionally, databases are used for storing the
system data such as data received from other systems through systems interfaces and data generated by the system itself. A common database used for this type of system is an Oracle Database. In some cases these databases can run on separate servers other than the application servers. Other software running on the application servers includes but is not limited to; • Operating System software – this would be an OS such as Microsoft Windows Server 2003 • Database Replication software – for data replication between the primary & secondary servers • Data Backup software – for backing up the data within the database • Oracle – database software • Remote Monitoring & Management software – providing remote access to the system (e.g. Net Support Manager) Web Servers – The application
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