Human Resources Development

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2. Which of the following most accurately describes the end sought (or purpose) of the research when the investigators state that they wish "to compare male moonlighters with female moonlighters on a number of factors concerning the second job?"

a. Describe the status of teachers with respect to certain variables.

b. Test a hypothesis about an expected relationship between the variable sex and whether teachers are moonlighters or nonmoonlighters.

c. Explore the relationships between sex of moonlighting teachers and variables that describe the characteristics of the second job.

d. Describe the second jobs held by moonlighting teachers in terms of number of weeks worked, number of hours worked per week, etc.

3. The target population for the study is:

a. moonlighting teachers in Georgia in the fall of 1963.

b. public school teachers in Georgia in the fall of 1963.

c. public school teachers in Georgia in the fall of 1963 who received questionnaires.

d. public school teachers in Georgia in the fall of 1963 who returned questionnaires.

4. The sample of 1,767 teachers to whom questionnaires were mailed is:

a. nonrepresentative of the target population because 24.3 percent of the teachers did not respond.

b. nonrepresentative of the target population because it is not a probability sample.

c. representative of the target population because most of the teachers (75.7 percent) responded.

d. representative of the target population because it is a probability (random) sample.

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5. The sample of 1,334 teachers who returned questionnaires can be considered:

a. nonrepresentative of the target population because 24.3 percent of the teachers did not respond.

b. nonrepresentative of the target population because the data are invalid due to measurement error.

c. representative of the target population because most of the teachers (75.7 percent) responded.

d. representative of the target population because it is a probability (random) sample.

6. The variable(s) investigated in the study include:

a. moonlighting teachers.

b. whether teachers earn income other than public school employment.

c. public school teachers.

d. all of the above.

7. When the researchers state in the second purpose that they wish "to compare male moonlighters with female moonlighters on a number of factors concerning the second job" the variable used as the independent variable is:

a. earnings per week on the second job

b. whether teachers are moonlighters or nonmoonlighters.

c. gender of teacher

d. marital status of teachers

8. A dependent variable used in this study to accomplish the purpose "to compare male moonlighters with female moonlighters on a number of factors concerning the second job" is:

a. number of weeks worked.

b. number of hours worked per week.

c. earning per week.

d. all of the above.

9. Which of the following is used as a manipulated independent variable in the study?

a. Sex

b. Marital status

c. Whether moonlighter or nonmoonlighter

d. None of the above

10. From the data gathered for the study, which of the following variables could not be used to describe the status of the teachers or to investigate relationships between variables?

a. Sex

b. Marital status

c. State of current teaching employment

d. Number in family

11. If teachers responding to the questionnaire do not accurately report their earnings from employment on a second job, that response is an example of:

a. measurement error that invalidates the data for the variable.

b. nonresponse as a threat to the external validity of the study.

c. selection error as a threat to the external validity of the study.

d. an occurrence in descriptive-survey research that is of minor concern to the investigator.

12. Which of the following is the most appropriate action to be taken by the investigator in dealing with nonresponse in the study?

a. The investigator does not need to be concerned with nonresponse since a substantial percentage of the teachers responded.

b. The investigator does not need to be concerned with nonresponse since in descriptive-survey research it can be assumed that those who respond to a mail questionnaire are representative of the target population.

c. The investigator needs to collect data from a sample or all of the nonrespondents to determine the extent to which the respondents are a biased subgroup of the sample.

d. The investigator needs to report the percentage of teachers responding, but no special action is required since nonresponse is a frequent occurrence when conducting descriptive-survey research.

13. If the list of teachers in Georgia used for drawing the random sample did not include teachers who

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