Management in Business - Leadership and Management

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and monitor the quality of the implementation.

From the perspective of people, leaders have followers, managers have subordinates. Leaders work, and their followers work will take the initiative. Managers use institutional restraint subordinates, whose subordinates are passive. The creativity of the team there is a fundamental difference.

From the perspective of influence, the influence of management depends mainly on the rights given by the organization, in the manager’s post there is the right, once left the manager’s post, the right is gone. The influence of the leader is inherent, carry, and has nothing to do with the post. He is more dependent on non-job influence, such as character, talent, knowledge, feelings, sense of responsibility and so on. Therefore, the position can not make a person to play leadership, on the contrary, the leader can make the role play.

Different theories and concepts contribute to Leadership and Management

Trait theory

Leading trait theory is also called leadership theory, quality theory, quality theory, personality theory. This theory focuses on the quality and characteristics of the leader. According to their different sources of leadership characteristics, can be divided into the traditional leadership style theory and modern leadership style theory. The former argues that the quality of the leader is born and is determined by the inheritance; the latter argues that the quality and characteristics of the leadership are formed in practice and can be cultivated through educational training.

This theory focuses on the study of the character, quality, quality and other aspects of the leadership, the individual’s quality and characteristics as a distinction between a successful leader and unsuccessful leader of the logo. It ignores the leadership environment, for example, by the position and influence of the leader. The character of the leader is too complex and varies with the situation, and it is difficult to find the real factor of success.

Trait theory simply from the leadership of the characteristics of the leader to explain whether the behavior of the effectiveness of a one-sided, the reasons are not sufficient, it is difficult to draw convincing conclusions. We know that having the right trait can only make the individual more likely to be an effective leader, but he must also take the correct leadership behavior, but in a certain leadership environment in the correct leadership behavior, in another environment is not necessarily is correct.

Contingency Theory

Contingency theory holds that the intrinsic and external environmental conditions of each organization are different, so there are no principles and methods applicable to any scenario in management activities, namely, in the management practice, according to the organization’s environment and Changes in the internal conditions of the development of contingency, there is no immutable, generally applicable management methods. The key to successful management lies in the full understanding of the situation inside and outside the organization and the effective contingency strategy. The theory of contingency theory takes the system view as the theoretical basis, and considers the problem from the system point of view. The emergence of the contingency theory means that the management theory is a step forward in the direction of pragmatism.

There is no immutable management model in the world. Management is not so much a theory, it is rather a practicing very strong technology; rather than it is a science, not as it is an art, contingency management can reflect the composition of art. A clever leader should be a fickle person, that is, according to the different environment and timely change their leadership style. Contingency theory tells managers to constantly adjust themselves, so that they seize the opportunity to adapt to changes in the outside world, or put himself into a place to adapt to their own.

Firstly, contingency theory can not explain why individuals with specific leadership styles are more efficient in some situations than in other situations.

Secondly, the critique of contingency theory is that it is very cumbersome to use in practical work situations. It needs to evaluate the leader’s leadership model and the other three elements (leader-subordinate relationship, task structure, and job authority), and each element requires different tools or means to determine it. It would be difficult to implement such a survey in an organization that was running because it interrupted the communication and operation chain within the organization.

In fact, it is easy to change the work situation to accommodate the leader’s leadership model. For example, if a leader’s leadership pattern does not match a situation where the structure is disorganized and the position is low, he can not make the structure of the organization clear and can not improve his position. Similarly, the promotion of the management level in the organization means that the leader may enter a completely unfamiliar, and its leadership model does not match the new situation.

Conclusion

Leadership is based on the practice center, and the leading subject in the social system of the criminal detention system determines the objectives and tasks of the system according to the actual situation of the leadership environment and the leading object and obtains and uses the demonstration through the demonstration, persuasion, order, competition and cooperation. Resources, guide and standardize the leadership of the object, to achieve the established goals, to complete the common cause of the powerful social tools and behavior interaction process. Successful leadership relies on appropriate behavior, skills and actions. As a leader, the most important thing is to understand communication, language communication, communication between heart and heart. Communication allows employees to better understand the idea of leadership, understand the purpose of the idea, and the positive role of the idea of the work, so that employees better understand the work in accordance with the corresponding ideas to do things. Management is a universal social phenomenon.

Management is one of the most important social activities. Management is a combination of vitality and creativity. Management is a valuable and ethical tool whose object is the work of people, so managers must deal with people, and they must face the good and evil of human nature, including themselves. True management of its purpose and essence is to stimulate and release people’s inherent goodwill and potential to create value for others, rather than the use of human evil and weakness to manipulate