Nervous System :reflex Function and Sensory System

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3. Now, partner placed the coin in the palm of hand.

4. With eyes closed have partner (gently!) touched on the forearm with either one or two pins.

5. This step was repeated several times, with partner varied the distance between the pins.

6. The same experiment was repeated on the tip of finger and the palm of hand.

c) Smell

1. A series of flavour was sniffed, rose, banana, Pandan, vanilla and orange and intensity of smell that perceive was indicated.

2. The coffee beans was smelled in between each concentration, to clear nose.

3. A series of flavour containing difference smells was found.

4. The experimental protocol was read carefully, and how many of the smells can identify was noted.

5. For first attempt at identified the smells, they does not identified.

6. Group member was let friend to sniff in close eyes.

7. For second attempt, a list of the possible smells was had.

d) Hot and Cold

1. A warm (but not hot) water bath, a cold water bath, and a bath that is at approximately the same temperature as skin were prepared.

2. One hand was placed in the warm bath, and one in the cold bath.

3. Each hand was adapt individually to the water temperature, so the baths will not feel either cold or warm.

4. Both hands was placed in the skin temperature bath.

5. Within the limit the nerves of the skin was adapt to the ambient temperature.

6. This adaptation was limited to the area of the skin that was exposed.

7. Any part of the skin that was adapted to warm feels change as cold, and vice versa.

e) Hearing

i. Hearing acuity and tone discrimination

1. A set of tuning forks was found.

2. Heard the tuning fork more strongly on one site of the head than on the other when applying a tuning fork to the middle of the forehead.

ii. Directional hearing

1. The tubes was wipe with alcohol swabs before and after carried this experiment.

2. One end of the tube in one ear, and the other in the other was put.

3. Partner was tapped the tube with a pencil or pen, started at one ear and going towards the other.

4. The sound appears to be came first from one direction and then the others was noted.

iii. Directional hearing and selective attention

1. 2 other people of the same sex was needed.

2. 2 helper was positioned themselves about 3 meters and 2 meters from each other.

3. Next, with eyes closed, 2 helpers was spoke the same short sentences, one at a time.

4. Now, the same arrangement with a doorway separating from “direct line of hearing” from helpers was tried.

Results

A. Reflex Functions

Exercises

Result

Light Intensity

Response (Size of Pupils)

Pupillary Reflex

High

Contracts

Eye Reflex

Low

Expands

Distance

Response (Size of Pupils)

Accommodation

Reflex

Far

Bigger

Close

Smaller

Knee

Response

Right

More

Spinal

Patellar Reflex

Reflex

Left

Less

Response

Ciliospinal Reflex

Pupil size become smaller

Tick [ / ] for the respondent’s response and describe.

Plantar Reflex and

Babinski’s Reflex

Plantar Reflex

[ / ]

Move downward

Babinski’s Reflex

[ ]

B. Organization and Function of The Nervous System Ii- Sensory System

Exercises

Results

Taste ability

Sample

Response

Close eyes

NaCl – high

PROP – high

Sugar – moderate

Open eyes

NaCl – high