Measurement and Determination of Density

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Step 2: Use the Vernier Caliper to find the diameter of the spheres in centimeter and inches.

Step 3: Find the Radius by using the formula Radius = diameter ÷ two. (R = D ÷ 2).

Step 5: Find the Volume by using the formula, Volume = 4 ÷ 3 π (radius)3.

Step 6: Replace V= 4÷3πr3 with the radius of the spheres and then solve.

Step 7: Find the Density by dividing the mass (g) by the volume in centimeter (cm3) of the spheres.

Step 8: The Standard Density is given by the instructor.

Step 9: Find the Percentage Error, by using the formula. ((/Vexp – Vst/) ÷ Vst) x 100.

Step 10: Replace Vexp by the (experimental) density, and the Vst by the standard density and solve to get the percentage error.

Analysis:

- The rectangular block % error is 19.5%

- The brass (cylinder) % error is 2.89%

- The copper (cylinder) % error is .64%

- The aluminum (cylinder) % error is .77%

- The small sphere % error is .25%

- The big sphere % error is .64%

The standard density of five of the six objects is lower than the experimental density, which are the rectangular block, brass, copper, big sphere and small sphere. The aluminum standard density is higher than the experimental density.

Conclusion:

Questions:

- What is the conversion factor between kg/m3 and g/cm3? Express your experimental values for the densities in kg/m3.

- The mass density of mercury is 13.6 g/cm3. A cylinder of mercury has a diameter of 1 cm and a height of 76 cm. What would be the height of a cylinder of water having a diameter of 1 cm and a mass equal to the mass of the mercury cylinder?

- The speed of the light is 3*108 m/s. What is the speed in miles per hour?

- What is the conversion factor between seconds and hours?

Sample Calculations:

Graphs and Diagram:

Data Table 2.2

Length, in

Length, cm

1.49

3.79

1.60

4.06

1.74

4.44

2.94

7.49

3.04

7.74

3.33

8.46

[pic 1]

Data Table 2.3

[pic 2]

Volume, In3

Volume, cm3

.21

3.61

.52

8.58

.64

10.82

1.10

18.18

1.26

20.26

13.38

219.62

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