Define Historical Thinking Skills. Which Other Disciplines Do Historians Use?

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Gabriel spoke in

Allah is the only God, and Muhammad is his prophet

No displaying Allah/Muhammad on art

5 Pillars - Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca), Zakat (tithe for charity), Salat (praying facing the direction of Mecca in Medina 5 times a day), Faith declaration (Allah is the only God), Fasting during Ramadan

Jizya was a special tax that took the place of Zakat for “people of the book” in early muslim societies

Sunni/Shia split after Muhammad’s succession problem, intensified after Battle of Karbala

Shia/Shi’ite - Believed that Muhammad’s relatives and descendants should rule

Sunnis - Believed that most capable Muslim leader should be selected

Ka’ba - the most revered religious shrine in pre-Islamic Arabia

Located in Mecca

Sikhism

Monotheistic religion founded in 15th century India by Guru Nanak

Islamic and Hindu elements

Equality, no discrimination against castes or race

Originated in the eye of god (Islamic resemblance)

Kara (bracelet), Kesh (uncut, maintained hair), Kanga (wooden comb), Kacheras (underwear), Kirpan (sacred weapon)

Stresses continual improvement

Shintoism (this also isn’t on the review)

Native Japanese religion

Numerous gods and spirits associated with nature

Offerings to gods and spirits

“Kami” spirits

Survived Sinification

Know sources of law.

Hammurabi’s Code

Code of law developed by Hammurabi in Babylonia, eye-for-an-eye principles

Established rules or procedure for courts of law and regulated property rights and the duties of family members, setting harsh punishments for crimes

Twelve Tables

Roman laws

Were intended to restrain the upper classes from arbitrary action to subject them, as well as ordinary people, to some common legal principles

Roman belief that laws should evolve to meet changing conditions without fluctuating wildly (similar to US system today?)

Laws should govern social relationships rather than personal whim

Promoted common sense fairness (story of barber, slave, pitcher)

Justinian’s Code

Unified law that united and organized the new Byzantine empire

Helped spread legal principles throughout Europe

Similar to Rome’s

Ten Commandments

Christian moral laws given to the people from God

Probably affected some laws ex.

Thou shalt not kill

Thou shalt not steal

Thou shalt not commit adultery

Honour thy father and thy mother

5 Pillars

Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca)

Zakat (tithe for charity)

Salat (praying facing the direction of Mecca in Medina 5 times a day)

Faith declaration (Allah is the only God)

Fasting during Ramadan

Magna Carta

1215

The Viper Honor Code

Thou shalt not lie, cheat, or steal, nor tolerate those who do

A violation of this shall result in beheading

Define and give examples of syncretism.

The merging of different inflectional varieties of a word during the development of a language.

Can also refer to the amalgamation between different cultures, religions, etc.

Sikhism (Islam and Hinduism merge)

Islam

Latin was a combination of Phoenician writing, and the Greek alphabet

Hellenistic age (merge of Greek and Eastern stuff)

the combination of different forms of belief or practice.

the fusion of two or more originally different inflectional forms

Statue sculpted by an Indian artist depicts Buddha in Greek clothing

Syncretism of religion along trade routes

Compare the characteristics of Early Civilizations (Chart).

River Valley Persian Chart Link

Impacts of the Neolithic Revolution.

Population boom after implementing agriculture

Towns formed for shared irrigation infrastructure, increased disease due to nucleation

Job specialization - people had more free time to specialize in certain fields, such as masonry, agriculture, etc

More varied clothing due to animal skins

Technological innovations and impacts (where and how). Terms should help here.

Neolithic Revolution, Bronze Age, iron,

Chariots and crossbows

Cavalry warfare and crossbows gave Han dynasty military advantages

Does this just mean like any invention mentioned?

I have no idea… but that’s quite a long list of inventions

That’s why I’m asking omg rip the dream