Review Science

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marsh rabbits and squirrels are the terrestrial mammals most commonly seen in the Everglades.

39. What is the origin of all native South Florida terrestrial mammal species? temperate

40. Which of the following characteristics of the key deer may be said to be an adaptation to a lack of predators in the historic Florida Keys environment? low reproductive rates

41. (TRUE) The South Florida environment supports several members of the weasel family.

42. Temperate is the origin of all native South Florida terrestrial mammal species.

43. (TRUE) The cotton mouse is the most abundant native terrestrial mammal in South Florida.

44. (TRUE) About 80% of the human body is composed of water.

People

45. According to Callenbach, the conservation movement has slowed down the destruction of our natural heritage, but we still need to work on reversing the ecological damage of past human actions.

46. Turtles were among the most abundantly exploited food resources by Archaic Indians.

47. Horticulture is NOT a subsistence strategy practiced by the Paleo-Indians.

48. Sugarcane represents the most abundant agricultural crop cultivated in the Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA)

49. (FALSE) Since the 1980’s incinerator releases decreased by 99% , the Everglades has now fully recovered from the mercury contamination.

50. (TRUE)Historically, freshwater overflows entered the Bay through a series of transverse glades and groundwater entered the bay from the Biscayne aquifer.

51. The agricultural water management strategy of which of the following crops most resembles the natural water cycle of the Everglades rice

52. The wiping out of a species in only one region is referred to as extirpation

53. How have humans negatively affected the water cycle?

a. Pollution

b. Deforestation and planting of exotic species

c. Redirecting water flow through dams and drainage

54. (TRUE) According to Callenbach, humans are today causing a wave of extinctions more rapid than anything that’s happened since a meteor hit Earth about 65 million years ago.

55. (TRUE) According to Callenbach, the ecological damage to Earth’s various ecosystems is evidence that the maximum carrying capacity of Earth is being exceeded the world human population is vulnerable to sudden reduction.

56. (FALSE) The effect of connecting Lake Okeechobee to the St. Lucie River as part of the C&SF Project resulted in improving the estuarine ecology of the Indian River, which had been degraded by the Spaniards.

57. (TRUE) Based on the information in Lodge and the document I provided you on the archaeology of South Florida, humans may have arrived in Florida as early as 13,000 to 14,000 years ago.

58. The Paleo and Archaic Indians are thought to have been mostly egalitarian. This means they: treated all members of the group equally.

59. (TRUE) The Everglades Agricultural Area (EAA) converted about 27% of the historic Everglades into agricultural fields.

60. Conversion of the northern Everglades into the EAA changed it from a nutrient sink to a nutrient source.

61. When did the implementation of the Congress-approved Central and Southern Florida Project for Flood Control and Other Purposes (C&SF Project) actually begin? 1950’s

62. The introduction into the air, water, or soil of materials that harm the health of humans or oter species is called: pollution

63. Which of the following best illustrates the concept of animatism? belief in the existence of a supernatural force that regulates "luck"

Agro ecosystems

64. (FALSE) Agroecosystems have converted most natural ecosystems of South Florida, particularly the mangroves and freshwater swamps.

65. (TRUE) The increased human population size and density of urban and suburban areas has led to a massive over-production of solid waste.

66. (FALSE)Some plants used in agroecosystems, like mango and citruses, are native species.

67. (TRUE)The building of artificial canals and rivers in South Florida results in the increased distribution and abundance of invasive species such as cichlids and hydrilla.

68. (TRUE) Extensive areas of the western part of the Everglades National Park are now Brazilian pepper forests.

69. (FALSE)Introduced iguanas now outnumber all exotic and native species of lizards in South Florida.

70. (TRUE)The Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP) was originally expected to cost about $8 billion and to take about 30 years to complete, but is now behind schedule and costing much more.

71. (TRUE)Alligators are now hardly present in marsh habitats that become seasonally dry, where they were most ecologically valuable.

72. (TRUE)Plume hunting in South Florida during the early 20th century reduced the wading bird population from an estimated 2.5 million in the 1870’s to nearly 500,000 by 1910.