Corrections

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58. The answer is B because the British wanted to control South Africa because it was one of the trade routes to India. As gold and other valuable minerals were found further north, colonizers became more interested in the rest of, what is now, South Africa and not just Cape Town.

64. The answer is D because when the economy changed from agriculture based to industrial based, slaves and serfs costed more than they were, in all honestly, worth and the entire practice eventually died out.

65. The countries had too much of a variety of people. In Russia only 45% of people spoke Russian. The Balkan Peninsula and the Slavic people were very nationalistic but weren’t becoming countries. Tsar Alexander II freed the serfs to enlarge the labor pool and industrialize and all it did was create a lot of poor communal farmers and he failed to create a modern state based on the Western model

66. The correct answer is A because India became increasingly valuable to British interests after a railway network was built there. The railroads were used to transport raw products from India to the ports.

68. The answer is C because Europeans exploited these cultural and ethnic divisions so they can put down resistance and maintain control.

71. The answer is C because Italian unification relied greatly on 3 men. Guiseppe Mazzini was known as the "soul" of Italian nationalism. He established the secret society known as Young Italy, an organization devoted to a united Italy. Guiseppe Garibaldi was known as the "sword" of Italian nationalism. His band of Red Shirts conquered forces opposed to unification and forced southern Italy into a unified political unit. Count Camilo Cavour was the "brain" in his role as a skilled diplomat. He successfully received aid from France in a war against the Austrians

72. The forced abdication of the royal family in Europe proceeded the movements for independence in Latin America

74. Nineteenth century Russian elites embraced the thought of an autocratic government, Orthodox religion, and extreme nationalism NOT constitutional monarchies, liberalism, or Bolshevism.

75. The answer is B because the British won the First Opium War due to a superior navy, and the Chinese were forced to comply. This resulted in a treaty that opened five new ports in China for trade with the west. The Chinese were too far behind in technology advancements to overpower or defend themselves against the British. The results of the war influenced the trade profit of Great Britain and changed the way the West traded goods. Free trade slowly made its way into China.

76. The answer is A because Japan learned about Western society like military and economics. They used certain aspects to modernize Japan and the emperor supported industrialization which helped them become an imperial power. China lost its independence because it held on to its traditions and refused to learn about Western industrialization.

77. The Mejij Restoration was started because Japan realized how behind they were in military technology and found western imperialism very intimidating. Japan elites tried to isolate their nation even more once they knew of the advancements other western countries were making, but others in Japan felt it was time for them to catch up to their neighbors and planned a way to modernize. After the Shogun was ended the Emperor raised to power and sought Western industrial expertise and equipment.