Organization Design Approaches

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to the project. The project manager selects the members of the project team. On the one hand, this project team should be as large as possible in order to involve as many members of the company as possible; on the other hand, the project team should be as small as possible in order to create an effective working environment and to avoid the project team turning into a ‘debating society’.

• AS-IS modelling procedure: Splitting of a problem domain; Selecting the areas to be modeled; Documentation of as-is models; Consolidation of models; Defining criteria for evaluation of as-is models; Selecting reference models and benchmarking; Documentation of shortcomings and potential improvements; Urgent measures to address shortcomings;

• Arguments for and against AS-IS modelling;

• TO-BE modelling procedure and objectives: Defining of modeling objectives; Defining of detailing degree; Identification and rough draft; Design and documentation of to-be models; Integration of separate models; Simulation of processes; Use of reference models. Objectives: Increase in profits; Cost savings; Streamlining of processes; Reduction of planning times; Shortening of process times; Information that is more up-to-date; Better communications via defined interfaces; Minimization of idle times; Higher process quality and as a result higher product quality; Closer proximity to customers and better customer commitment; Faster communication with market partners; Greater process transparency; Increase in market shares.

What would I add: information about project management methods: Agile, Scrum, Kanban, PRINCE2 and others.

• Agile Project Management is built around a flexible approach. Team members work in short bursts on small-scale but functioning releases of a product. They then test each release against customers’ needs, instead of aiming for a single final result that is only released at the end of the project.

The end product of an agile project may be very different from the one that was envisaged at the outset. However, because of the checking process, team members can be sure that the product is one that customers want.

This makes Agile Project Management particularly appropriate for new or fast-moving businesses, for those in a fast-changing environment, or for highly complex situations, where managers are "feeling their way forward" to find the optimum business model. It’s also helpful with urgent p