Dacaeda

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*Pearl Harbor – Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor pushed U.S. into WWII

*Japanese internment = violated constitutional rights of US citizens.

*American sacrifices – rationing, tin foil drives, victory gardens, women worked in jobs typically held by men.

Cold War:

*Stalin’s refusal to remove troops from Eastern Europe signals the beginning of the COLD WAR.

*Containment, Policy of diplomat George F. Kennan opposed Communist expansion by not allowing it to spread.

*NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Western nations make a pact to defend against Soviet aggression.

Korean War:

*War starts when North Korea invades South Korea.

*Outcome of the war, North and South Korea remained separate with a demilitarized zone along the 38th parallel.

*McCarthyism a tactic used to spread fear and accusations of communist activities. Alger Hiss, Whittaker Chambers and Ethel Rosenberg were all subject to the Red Scare and tried for Espionage. People felt they had to conform to avoid suspicion.

President Eisenhower:

*Foreign policy, emphasized peace.

*Warned about the military-industrial complex.

Post WWII culture and economy:

*U.S, Economy grew quickly. consumers were eager to spend when wartime rationing was over.

*Baby Boom, Increase in population following WWII.

*Congress passed legislation to build interstate highways to accommodate all the cars.

Technology:

*Television promoted common culture and communicated affluence.

*Televised debates contributed to the election of John F. Kennedy Jr.

Civil Rights:

*Following WWII, Jim Crow laws still prevented African Americans from their rights.

*Brown V. Board of Ed = Separate but equal is UNCONSTITUTIONAL!

President Johnson:

*Passed The Civil Rights Act of 1964, eliminated segregation in public places.

*Passed The Voting Rights Act of 1965, eliminate discrimination in voting.

*War on Poverty passed Medicare and Medicaid programs.

Cuban Missile crisis:

*When Castro repelled the Bay of Pigs invasion, the Soviet Union gave support.

*In the end, Soviets agreed to remove the missile from Cuba and The United States agreed to remove missiles from Turkey.

Vietnam:

*The Domino theory was the belief that if one South East Asian nation fell to communism the rest would follow.

*Gulf of Tonkin, was a resolution that gave President Johnson authority to send troops as necessary. during Vietnam.

*1968 Tet Offensive, North Vietnamese were defeated but psychological victory.

*The Vietnam ended with the fall of Saigon and a unified communist nation.

1960’s counterculture:

*Counterculture = rejection of establishment and traditional values.

*Equal Rights Amendment, an amendment that was proposed to ban sex discrimination.

*African American civil rights movement inspired other groups to advocate for their rights.

President Nixon:

*EPA & NOAA founded while Nixon was President.

*Improved relations with China hoping to improve relations with the Soviet Union.

*Nixon refused to turn court ordered information over and resigned as President.

*The Watergate scandal made people less trusting of government.

*Iran held 66 American citizens hostage during President Carter’s administration, helped Ronald Reagan Become President.

1980 election:

President Carter faced many issues, bad economy, Iran hostage crisis, challengers from his own democratic party.

*Supports were united wanted Reagan favored strong military and tough foreign policy.

President Reagan:

*Supply – side economics , encourage growth in production will result in jobs and tax revenue.

It called for large tax cuts for the wealthy would fuel the economy.

Reagan cut budgets of government agencies forced to deregulate.

*Legacy – ending the COLD WAR, not successful in reducing the deficit.

Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass destruction. Many people opposed the war saying the U.S. was not provoked.

*Withdrew troops from the Persian Gulf War when other nations failed to support the U.S.

President Barak Obama:

*Major issues of the 2008 election – war in Iraq, election of first African American President.

President Clinton:

*Failed to address universal health care.

.President George W. Bush:

*September 11, 2001 – Terrorists hijacked airplanes to kill thousands of people, destroy the Twin Towers and part of the pentagon. U.S. responded with military action